Clinico-pathological profile of primary lung cancer in a tertiary care center in South India

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Original Article

Author Details : Rajkrishnan Soman, Vishnukanth Govindaraj*, Vinodkumar Saka, Bhavana Badhe, Biswajit Dubashi

Volume : 3, Issue : 4, Year : 2018

Article Page : 165-169

https://doi.org/10.18231/2581-4222.2018.0041

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Abstract

Background: Lung is one of the commonest site for malignant neoplasms, both primary and metastatic. Primary lung malignancies are presently heading the list of common cancers worldwide and accounts for more death than any other cancer. In lung cancer, diagnosis of histological type is of great significance to determine the prognosis and for planning the treatment. Radiology and imaging plays an integral part in diagnosis, management, staging and follow-up of lung cancer patients. Moreover, radiology can give vital clues towards histological diagnosis of the malignancy. Our study aims to analyse the clinical, radiological and histological patterns occurring in patients with primary lung cancer.
Materials and Methods: A total of 116 patients with clinical and radiological features suggestive of primary lung cancer were enrolled. Diagnosis of lung cancer was established histopathologically. Clinico-pathological profile and histopathological analysis was done individually for all patients.
Results: Our study included a total of 116 cases with 84 males (72%) and 32 (28%) female patients with a median age of 60 years (range 19-90 years). The most common histological type of lung cancer was adenocarcinoma, in 79(69.82%) of patients followed by squamous cell carcinoma in 22 patients (18.96%). Adenocarcinoma was the most common type among both males and females. Also adenocarcinoma was the commonest histological pattern among non-smokers. The most common clinical presentation was cough with expectoration. Radiologically most common feature was mass lesion (86.2%). Seventy four patients (63.78%) with non-small cell lung cancer had metastatic disease, the most common being malignant pleural effusion. Six out of seven patients of small cell cancer had extensive stage.
Conclusions: Adenocarcinoma is the commonest histological pattern of lung cancer even in smokers. Lung cancer is not necessarily a disease of old age. Majority of the patients still present in advanced stages. A good screening method for lung cancer is the need of the hour.

Keywords: Adenocarcinoma; Primary lung cancer; Pathological profile.

How to cite : Soman R, Govindaraj V, Saka V, Badhe B, Dubashi B, Clinico-pathological profile of primary lung cancer in a tertiary care center in South India. IP Indian J Immunol Respir Med 2018;3(4):165-169

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